Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading infectious cause of death worldwide, and an important cause of morbidity among migrants arriving in Australia and New Zealand. In response to the 2015 WHO “End TB Strategy”, the Australian government has committed to the global elimination of TB by the middle of this century. However, achieving this ambitious goal will require the development of innovative new strategies with a national and international reach. Such strategies must be based upon high-quality research, which engages clinical and public health practitioners across the country.